Updated
Updated · Nature.com · Jul 23
Rapamycin Reverses ASD-Like Behaviors in 2 Hours in Maternal-Inflammation Mice
Updated
Updated · Nature.com · Jul 23

Rapamycin Reverses ASD-Like Behaviors in 2 Hours in Maternal-Inflammation Mice

3 articles · Updated · Nature.com · Jul 23

Summary

  • A single rapamycin dose normalized repetitive behavior, sensory over-responsivity, social deficits, neuronal hyperexcitability and seizure susceptibility in adult mice exposed to maternal inflammation in utero, with effects appearing within 2 hours.
  • Brain mTOR inhibition—not reduced systemic inflammation—appeared to drive the rescue: rapamycin rapidly lowered phospho-S6, restored excitatory-inhibitory balance, and reversed abnormal sensory-thalamic functional connectivity and network modularity.
  • The maternal-inflammation model showed persistent ASD-linked features across adulthood, including chronic cytokine elevation, brain overgrowth followed by regional volume shifts, sensory dysregulation and heightened seizure risk.
  • The benefit was temporary, with repetitive behaviors returning by 72 hours after one dose and efficacy fading during 5 weeks of daily treatment, suggesting rapamycin itself is a mechanistic probe rather than a broad long-term therapy.
  • The findings point to mTOR-related sensory-circuit dysfunction, ion-channel regulation and network organization as potential treatment targets for core and comorbid autism phenotypes.

Insights

If a drug can briefly reverse autism symptoms, is the adult brain more adaptable than we ever imagined?
Could a mother's illness during pregnancy lead to reversible brain changes in her child decades later?